Gas exchange between the plant and the atmosphere takes place through the stomata, which consist in two bean-shaped guard cells surrounding a pore. (a) Malate and Cl − efflux from the guard ...
Carry out photosynthesis. Guard cells Open and close to control the exchange of gases – carbon dioxide, water vapour and oxygen. Phloem Sieve tubes Transport products of photosynthesis ...
How do plants breathe through stomata? Key regulators of stomata are plant vacuoles, fluid-filled organelles bound by a single membrane called the tonoplast. Plant vacuoles are fluid-filled ...