These four fundamental forces exist between fermions (quarks and leptons). They arise from the exchange of bosons. Bosons are the 'force carrying' or 'force-mediating' particles. If a fermion ...

Quantum technology has been attracting a lot of attention in recent years thanks to computers that exploit atomic properties ...

It describes the forces and behavior of the Universe’s fundamental particles: quarks, leptons, and bosons. It is a very ...

Since the launch of the Large Hadron Collider, there has been ongoing research there into Higgs bosons and a search for ...