14.2: Classes of Monosaccharides - Chemistry LibreTexts
Learning Objectives. Classify monosaccharides as aldoses or ketoses and as trioses, tetroses, pentoses, or hexoses. Distinguish between a D sugar and an L sugar. The naturally occurring monosaccharides contain three to seven carbon atoms per molecule.
6.3: Classifying Monosaccharides - Chemistry LibreTexts
For example, the terms triose, tetrose, pentose, and hexose signify monosaccharides with, respectively, three, four, five, and six carbon atoms. Monosaccharides are also classified as aldoses or ketoses to indicate the carbonyl-containing group that is present.
Aldose - Wikipedia
An aldose is a monosaccharide (a simple sugar) with a carbon backbone chain with a carbonyl group on the endmost carbon atom, making it an aldehyde, and hydroxyl groups connected to all the other carbon atoms.
16.2 Classes of Monosaccharides - Lumen Learning
Monosaccharides can be classified by the number of carbon atoms in the structure and/or the type of carbonyl group they contain (aldose or ketose). Most monosaccharides contain at least one chiral carbon and can form stereoisomers. Enantiomers are a specific type of stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other.
Triose - Wikipedia
A triose is a monosaccharide, or simple sugar, containing three carbon atoms. There are only three possible trioses: the two enantiomers of glyceraldehyde, which are aldoses; and dihydroxyacetone, a ketose which is symmetrical and therefore has no enantiomers. [1] Trioses are important in cellular respiration.
Structural Biochemistry/Carbohydrates/Monosaccharides
2023年11月23日 · A transketolase and an aldolase are the major factors in the rearrangement. The transketolase, which is in the pentose phosphate pathway, requires a coenzyme, thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), to transfer a two-carbon unit from a ketose to an aldose. Whereas the transaldolase transfers a three-carbon unit from a ketose to an aldose.
25.1 Classification of Carbohydrates - Organic Chemistry - OpenStax
The -ose suffix designates a carbohydrate, and the prefixes aldo- and keto- identify the kind of carbonyl group in the molecule, whether aldehyde or ketone. The number of carbon atoms in the monosaccharide is indicated by the appropriate numerical prefix tri -, tetr -, pent -, hex -, and so forth, in the name.
3.5: Carbohydrates - Biology LibreTexts
2023年8月31日 · Two sugars having the same number of carbons (hexoses, for example) and the same chemical form (aldoses, for example), but differing in the stereoisomeric configuration of their carbons are called diastereomers. Biochemists use D and L nomenclature to describe sugars, as explained below.
12.2: Classes of Monosaccharides - Chemistry LibreTexts
Monosaccharides can be classified by the number of carbon atoms in the structure and/or the type of carbonyl group they contain (aldose or ketose). Most monosaccharides contain at least one chiral carbon and can form stereoisomers. Enantiomers are a specific type of stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other.
Aldose vs Ketose | Overview & Research Examples - Perlego
Aldose vs Ketose. Aldose and ketose are two types of monosaccharides, which are simple sugars. The main difference between them lies in their functional group: aldoses have an aldehyde group, while ketoses have a ketone group. This structural difference affects their chemical properties and reactivity.